IDENTIFICATION AND ANALYSIS OF MAIN REASONS OF VARIATION ORDERS AND THEIR IMPACTS DURING CONSTRUCTION PROJECT LIFE CYCLE

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Hasan A. Thani, M.S. candidate, Bahrain Defence Force HQ, Bahrain.

2 Mohammed E. Saleh,Doctor,Engineering Authority of Egyptian Armed Force, Egypt.

3 Nabil H. Amer, Assistant Prof, Military Technical Collage, Cairo, Egypt.

Abstract

Abstract
Variation Orders in construction are often be accompanied with series of impacts on the quality, time, and cost of the projects. This issue requires proper analysis and action to develop quantitative methods to measure the reasons and effects of variation orders and make a complete assessment for them. This paper presents a study of the most important factors which are considered to have an impact on the time and the cost of the project during its life cycle stages for various governmental construction projects done in the Kingdom of Bahrain. The construction projects were in particular buildings, warehouses, facilities and government buildings with a contractual value of about 18.6 million US dollars.
Those two dimensions of the variation orders (cost, time) are applied to these specific factors: Owner, Consultant, Contractor, Project Management, Local Authorities, and Force Majeure.Using questionnaire survey, replies received from 43 participants specialized in construction industry and various government and private sectors on the causes and effects of project changesto analyze the RISK significance index. The RISK significance indexindicates and sorts the most effective reasons causing variation orders. The results of the above mentioned analysisshowthat the owner is responsible for the most variation orders generated, and that the owner financial difficulties during construction stage has the most value of RISK significance index.

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